Grace Freitas Oral History Interview
Dublin Core
Title
Grace Freitas Oral History Interview
Date
1999-03-23
Description
Oral History Interview with Grace Freitas, March 23, 1999.
Biographical Note:
Grace Freitas was born in Lawrence, MA on May 23, 1913. Her mother was Maria Mendonca, who was born on April 16, 1883 in the Azores. She left for the United States in 1898. Her father was Leno Espinola. Six weeks after Grace was born, her parents took her back to the Azores for one year, before returning back to Lawrence in 1914. Her parents split after their return. Since they were being raised by a single mother, Grace and her brother worked in the mills from a young age. She later married Joe Freitas.
Scope and Contents:
Interview conducted by Carole MacDougal Perkins, a grad student in the Department of Psychology at UMass Lowell; discussion included Grace's parents' immigration story; time working in the mills; tenement living; Portuguese cooking.
Biographical Note:
Grace Freitas was born in Lawrence, MA on May 23, 1913. Her mother was Maria Mendonca, who was born on April 16, 1883 in the Azores. She left for the United States in 1898. Her father was Leno Espinola. Six weeks after Grace was born, her parents took her back to the Azores for one year, before returning back to Lawrence in 1914. Her parents split after their return. Since they were being raised by a single mother, Grace and her brother worked in the mills from a young age. She later married Joe Freitas.
Scope and Contents:
Interview conducted by Carole MacDougal Perkins, a grad student in the Department of Psychology at UMass Lowell; discussion included Grace's parents' immigration story; time working in the mills; tenement living; Portuguese cooking.
Creator
Subject
Coverage
Publisher
UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History
Contributor
Freitas, Grace Espinola
Rights
In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
Format
PDF
Language
Type
Text
Identifier
99-21
Citation
Perkins, Carole MacDougal, “Grace Freitas Oral History Interview,” Portuguese American Digital Archive, accessed June 22, 2025, https://umlportuguesearchives.omeka.net/items/show/202.
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