1 30 6 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/42465/archive/files/22e53a327ffe1e64abe4850890f0b836.PDF?Expires=1779926400&Signature=Ii%7E3iWlZmB-%7EzduTdnU%7EV%7E4TNrDRvS1k5gm6ARkfk-0%7EN0R9R1jRjPLIrI%7EYx6bcLKR%7EjXgG0EJy2Q8yR3YKdaDK7djdAwZxTthkM9fZ%7EleNvmm-5Apf0VpJbxxE95d5WRummniW2p98oJrQDcN6IOOSOuwsIkPiBVbyeRc8Pk4QD045pLcjItAc8mu%7EYJjESyW4pYgfX-eQcop1XuSna1D-yuS3tQ2zEAX8PHSwL75f3Kgysq%7Eh1QVFcreVwNQ3b1etIOowQlF880nxT-FadQLsba0zj2E9p3PBJ1U1OYGD%7EDpYFA6URgLWuVDc7-L7oSPPORs-uxe47ndvKnyA4w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 078f6806daf16e491479246c699f8869 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Collection [1931-2021] Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Azorean Americans Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital scans donated from the McMackin Family Collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Bedford (Mass.) Newton (Mass.) Boston (Mass.) Jaffrey (N.H.) Wellesley (Mass.) Description An account of the resource Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, MD, a pediatrician and the first female medical trainee and house officer at Boston’s Children’s Hospital, was born on February 22, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother, Mary Paiva Pinha Francis (1894-1980), from São Miguel Island in the Azores, immigrated to the United States with her parents in 1900 and settled in New Bedford. For a few years she worked in one of the city’s cotton mills and married in 1912. Also from an Azorean family, but born in New Bedford, her husband, Antone Francis (1880-1936), worked as a carder in a cotton mill, then as a salesman, before obtaining a job on the New Bedford police force around 1914. He had two children from a previous marriage, and Lillian would be the only child of Mary and Antone Francis. Growing up in New Bedford, Lillian Francis lived in the Ward 6 section of the city, in the vicinity of the former Howland Mill Village District, a working-class area that was heavily settled by Portuguese, notably Azoreans. By the time she attended New Bedford High School her family lived on Brock Avenue. Although still in Ward 6, this neighborhood was ethnically diverse and had a mix of working-class and middle-class families. She was especially close to her mother who impressed upon her the importance of a good education and, when she was quite young, encouraged her to become a medical doctor. Interested in a medical career, as a high school student, Lillian Francis volunteered in a hospital (as a “candy striper” as such volunteers were then called) and assisted a doctor in various nursing tasks. This reinforced her desire to enter the medical profession. She excelled academically in high school, graduating in 1931 as valedictorian, and was also a talented tennis player. Among her close friends was a neighbor, Evelyn I. Coderre (1911-1997), of French-Canadian parents, whose mother, widowed at a young age, worked as a weaver in a cotton mill to support her three children. Also interested in the medical profession, Coderre became a nurse and later served with distinction in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of commander. Both young women enjoyed sailing and likely encouraged each other in their career pursuits. Following high school graduation, Francis entered Wellesley College on a scholarship. She adjusted well to a markedly different culture in which many of her classmates hailed from affluent Protestant, New England families. During the summers she worked in wage earning jobs, including a stint as a waitress at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Cambridge. At the same time, her father’s poor health and death in 1936 put a greater financial and emotional burden on her mother (often called “Mam,” an abbreviated form of the Portuguese mamae) who subsequently worked as a domestic for wealthy Boston families. But Mary Francis continued to provide some financial support for her daughter during her years at Wellesley. As in high school, Lillian Francis excelled academically. She also joined Alpha Kappa Chi, an academically oriented society with a focus on the Classics. Graduating in 1937, Francis applied and was admitted to Boston University (BU) Medical School. Although primarily concentrating on pediatrics while at BU, Francis accepted a residency upon graduation at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her medical training at Mercy included research into the pathogenesis of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, commonly known as “black lung” disease. Seeking to return to New England, she was admitted to Boston’s Children’s Hospital in 1941, the first female medical doctor to serve there. Her title, “house officer,” reflected her role as a recipient of additional medical training under the general supervision of an attending physician. She later observed that while some of the hospital’s male physicians and house officers placed her on an equal footing with them, a number of male doctors and trainees were less accepting, treating her with indifference or occasionally with hostility. Her self-confidence and strong-willed personality—traits that her mother undoubtedly instilled in her—helped her cope and even flourish in this challenging climate. While at Children’s Hospital, Lillian Francis met and married John F. X. “Mac” McMackin, a graduate of Holy Cross College, businessman, and well-known leader in the Cardinal O’Connell Council of the Knights of Columbus. They had three sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, and lived in Milton, Massachusetts. While starting a family, Lillian McMackin entered private practice as a pediatrician, initially with a partner, Dr. Richard M. Smith, an attending physician at Children’s, where they met, before striking out on her own. In addition to her practice in Milton, she opened a second office, south of Boston, in Quincy. The sudden death of her husband in 1950, following a gastrointestinal surgical procedure, occurred just as she was becoming successful in her pediatric practice. Mary Francis helped care for her young sons especially during the long hours of attending to her patients. Her work required frequent house calls to various sections of Boston and its environs. She saw patients, from infants to adolescents, from all socio-economic and ethnic and racial backgrounds. Although not politically active like her late husband, Lillian McMackin believed in a woman’s right to choose to bear a child. She was also outspoken in her opposition to the Viet Nam War and counseled young draft-age men on various medical deferment options. Although Lillian McMackin remarried a few years after John McMackin died, she never felt the strong bond that she experienced with her first husband. She and her second husband lived apart for many years before divorcing in the 1980s. She remained dedicated to her practice and retained privileges at Children’s Hospital until 1968. She was also a staff member at Milton, Quincy, and South Shore hospitals and taught pediatrics at BU and Harvard medical schools. After retiring in 1987 she spent more time on her long-standing interests in antiques and classic automobiles. Among her legacies were her years as the first female physician at Children’s Hospital and as a highly regarded pediatrician. As Dr. Judith Liebermann, a physician and researcher at Harvard University and MIT, observed, “She opened many doors for women in medicine.” Lillian Francis McMackin died at the age of 85 at the Norwell Knoll nursing home in Norwell, Massachusetts Scope and Contents: This collection covers multiple areas of Lillian's life. Photographs include images from her teen years, her time at Wellesley, her time at BU Medical School, and her later married life. Many items include images of Lillian's mother and her children. Also included in this collection are two written pieces about Lillian's life: one written by Robert McMackin and another compiled from Lillian's own words. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Oral History Interview Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Women physicians Azorean Americans Children of immigrants Physicians Immigrant families Education Draft Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Description An account of the resource This interview was conducted by Robert McMackin, youngest son of Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, and by Christine McMackin, granddaughter of Lillian ,in Yarmouth, Massachusetts, in 1993, in the home of Dr. Lillian McMackin. This interview contains a great deal of family and personal history of Dr. McMackin, including some memories of her girlhood and friends in New Bedford, Massachusetts, and her Portuguese-American parents. Much of the interview occurred while viewing family photographs dating from the 1930s and 1940s. It includes Dr. McMackin recalling her years at Wellesley College, at Children’s Hospital in Boston, and her practice as a pediatrician in Boston, Milton, and Quincy, Massachusetts, from the 1940s to the 1960s. It also includes her perspectives on the family of her husband, John F.X. McMackin (1916-1950), often called “Mac,” and recounts a political gathering at the Statler Hotel in Boston in the late 1940s, where her husband introduced her to then Representative John F. Kennedy. The audio tape from which this transcript was created has been lost. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McMackin, Robert McMackin, Christine Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the McMackin family collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource McMackin, Lillian Francis Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Relation A related resource You can view Lillian Francis McMackin's full collection on PADA at the following link: <a href="https://umlportuguesearchives.omeka.net/collections/show/5">Lillian Francis McMackin Collection</a>. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Boston (Mass.) https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/42465/archive/files/cb76623639bae20be3e0cc18a4baa0e7.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=KRJm9W0R8RrE1Wsznx2So%7EaJH9dP3Ydhk--bqUch8Idvs%7E3RotNSx%7Ezto2HvGbp7tcliEdSyaS8PB%7ErrICS2XNdPUyVwaLF-VabgqRpbUTkWYwb1ejxPyjxJcbjK%7ELk8FMgCaDFzVF3c1-t4vnkfqPFloeH1ewYwYUCkiLUKyutG39-SrpU3MAqL9QYNzdeI6cKPBG4SwnzFgzY2Qf0D7cJzq%7EiV7imyl44OtkFRkuqkj91S7MUvQtG-WzqGshmKBjD00oYzbaj9GBOeNU13mmZCr3JtTXsP9CL4gUspfo-cKJOtoEjfX95YL4I0rdEFW1UmWgRFSHbUagzZ-1OuWw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 572d38f5968c87febd17eb6bcbb7e58f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Collection [1931-2021] Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Azorean Americans Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital scans donated from the McMackin Family Collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Bedford (Mass.) Newton (Mass.) Boston (Mass.) Jaffrey (N.H.) Wellesley (Mass.) Description An account of the resource Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, MD, a pediatrician and the first female medical trainee and house officer at Boston’s Children’s Hospital, was born on February 22, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother, Mary Paiva Pinha Francis (1894-1980), from São Miguel Island in the Azores, immigrated to the United States with her parents in 1900 and settled in New Bedford. For a few years she worked in one of the city’s cotton mills and married in 1912. Also from an Azorean family, but born in New Bedford, her husband, Antone Francis (1880-1936), worked as a carder in a cotton mill, then as a salesman, before obtaining a job on the New Bedford police force around 1914. He had two children from a previous marriage, and Lillian would be the only child of Mary and Antone Francis. Growing up in New Bedford, Lillian Francis lived in the Ward 6 section of the city, in the vicinity of the former Howland Mill Village District, a working-class area that was heavily settled by Portuguese, notably Azoreans. By the time she attended New Bedford High School her family lived on Brock Avenue. Although still in Ward 6, this neighborhood was ethnically diverse and had a mix of working-class and middle-class families. She was especially close to her mother who impressed upon her the importance of a good education and, when she was quite young, encouraged her to become a medical doctor. Interested in a medical career, as a high school student, Lillian Francis volunteered in a hospital (as a “candy striper” as such volunteers were then called) and assisted a doctor in various nursing tasks. This reinforced her desire to enter the medical profession. She excelled academically in high school, graduating in 1931 as valedictorian, and was also a talented tennis player. Among her close friends was a neighbor, Evelyn I. Coderre (1911-1997), of French-Canadian parents, whose mother, widowed at a young age, worked as a weaver in a cotton mill to support her three children. Also interested in the medical profession, Coderre became a nurse and later served with distinction in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of commander. Both young women enjoyed sailing and likely encouraged each other in their career pursuits. Following high school graduation, Francis entered Wellesley College on a scholarship. She adjusted well to a markedly different culture in which many of her classmates hailed from affluent Protestant, New England families. During the summers she worked in wage earning jobs, including a stint as a waitress at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Cambridge. At the same time, her father’s poor health and death in 1936 put a greater financial and emotional burden on her mother (often called “Mam,” an abbreviated form of the Portuguese mamae) who subsequently worked as a domestic for wealthy Boston families. But Mary Francis continued to provide some financial support for her daughter during her years at Wellesley. As in high school, Lillian Francis excelled academically. She also joined Alpha Kappa Chi, an academically oriented society with a focus on the Classics. Graduating in 1937, Francis applied and was admitted to Boston University (BU) Medical School. Although primarily concentrating on pediatrics while at BU, Francis accepted a residency upon graduation at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her medical training at Mercy included research into the pathogenesis of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, commonly known as “black lung” disease. Seeking to return to New England, she was admitted to Boston’s Children’s Hospital in 1941, the first female medical doctor to serve there. Her title, “house officer,” reflected her role as a recipient of additional medical training under the general supervision of an attending physician. She later observed that while some of the hospital’s male physicians and house officers placed her on an equal footing with them, a number of male doctors and trainees were less accepting, treating her with indifference or occasionally with hostility. Her self-confidence and strong-willed personality—traits that her mother undoubtedly instilled in her—helped her cope and even flourish in this challenging climate. While at Children’s Hospital, Lillian Francis met and married John F. X. “Mac” McMackin, a graduate of Holy Cross College, businessman, and well-known leader in the Cardinal O’Connell Council of the Knights of Columbus. They had three sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, and lived in Milton, Massachusetts. While starting a family, Lillian McMackin entered private practice as a pediatrician, initially with a partner, Dr. Richard M. Smith, an attending physician at Children’s, where they met, before striking out on her own. In addition to her practice in Milton, she opened a second office, south of Boston, in Quincy. The sudden death of her husband in 1950, following a gastrointestinal surgical procedure, occurred just as she was becoming successful in her pediatric practice. Mary Francis helped care for her young sons especially during the long hours of attending to her patients. Her work required frequent house calls to various sections of Boston and its environs. She saw patients, from infants to adolescents, from all socio-economic and ethnic and racial backgrounds. Although not politically active like her late husband, Lillian McMackin believed in a woman’s right to choose to bear a child. She was also outspoken in her opposition to the Viet Nam War and counseled young draft-age men on various medical deferment options. Although Lillian McMackin remarried a few years after John McMackin died, she never felt the strong bond that she experienced with her first husband. She and her second husband lived apart for many years before divorcing in the 1980s. She remained dedicated to her practice and retained privileges at Children’s Hospital until 1968. She was also a staff member at Milton, Quincy, and South Shore hospitals and taught pediatrics at BU and Harvard medical schools. After retiring in 1987 she spent more time on her long-standing interests in antiques and classic automobiles. Among her legacies were her years as the first female physician at Children’s Hospital and as a highly regarded pediatrician. As Dr. Judith Liebermann, a physician and researcher at Harvard University and MIT, observed, “She opened many doors for women in medicine.” Lillian Francis McMackin died at the age of 85 at the Norwell Knoll nursing home in Norwell, Massachusetts Scope and Contents: This collection covers multiple areas of Lillian's life. Photographs include images from her teen years, her time at Wellesley, her time at BU Medical School, and her later married life. Many items include images of Lillian's mother and her children. Also included in this collection are two written pieces about Lillian's life: one written by Robert McMackin and another compiled from Lillian's own words. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian McMackin shaking hands with a man Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women women physicians Description An account of the resource This photograph dates from ca. 1941 when Lillian Francis was at Children’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. The man in this photo is unidentified. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the McMackin Family Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941? Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin3_03 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Boston (Mass.) https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/42465/archive/files/231ed2d4555b9955b87b23fc90138ace.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=O%7EcrZ9Mfp3ERVXVUuePSWw5qYmPogVKKdED4pVKdZ%7E224HWtwdcvUC3URMdvNXs8u3aDfHrckrcpAZXiTZ2sNtBvFRd9VfYywSlBeHJWteCsq%7Ei%7EsJgUhPJxJGsp8XcCothPTL7tJsrAB6aMdI5AtkzIqDqqnGNHHZdHTyPxXEm38hUA0We%7E8HjMfIptV-y77bpRmVwOyfITCGuvAg9aG0DYlUcn9ynMl9cJhkiWLk-pzenk25qMDVzNvAppmvgpDhDDtqhU77HvniKw-bxS818QLjF5Hwy5jDQ-KFEUjvdf%7E826l2tCIosqIH5mTBDYl3Ez54jLAZQCWAY5Qh8wDQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9f1ac65c00ac9ab93a65e8fb94625925 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Collection [1931-2021] Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Azorean Americans Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital scans donated from the McMackin Family Collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Bedford (Mass.) Newton (Mass.) Boston (Mass.) Jaffrey (N.H.) Wellesley (Mass.) Description An account of the resource Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, MD, a pediatrician and the first female medical trainee and house officer at Boston’s Children’s Hospital, was born on February 22, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother, Mary Paiva Pinha Francis (1894-1980), from São Miguel Island in the Azores, immigrated to the United States with her parents in 1900 and settled in New Bedford. For a few years she worked in one of the city’s cotton mills and married in 1912. Also from an Azorean family, but born in New Bedford, her husband, Antone Francis (1880-1936), worked as a carder in a cotton mill, then as a salesman, before obtaining a job on the New Bedford police force around 1914. He had two children from a previous marriage, and Lillian would be the only child of Mary and Antone Francis. Growing up in New Bedford, Lillian Francis lived in the Ward 6 section of the city, in the vicinity of the former Howland Mill Village District, a working-class area that was heavily settled by Portuguese, notably Azoreans. By the time she attended New Bedford High School her family lived on Brock Avenue. Although still in Ward 6, this neighborhood was ethnically diverse and had a mix of working-class and middle-class families. She was especially close to her mother who impressed upon her the importance of a good education and, when she was quite young, encouraged her to become a medical doctor. Interested in a medical career, as a high school student, Lillian Francis volunteered in a hospital (as a “candy striper” as such volunteers were then called) and assisted a doctor in various nursing tasks. This reinforced her desire to enter the medical profession. She excelled academically in high school, graduating in 1931 as valedictorian, and was also a talented tennis player. Among her close friends was a neighbor, Evelyn I. Coderre (1911-1997), of French-Canadian parents, whose mother, widowed at a young age, worked as a weaver in a cotton mill to support her three children. Also interested in the medical profession, Coderre became a nurse and later served with distinction in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of commander. Both young women enjoyed sailing and likely encouraged each other in their career pursuits. Following high school graduation, Francis entered Wellesley College on a scholarship. She adjusted well to a markedly different culture in which many of her classmates hailed from affluent Protestant, New England families. During the summers she worked in wage earning jobs, including a stint as a waitress at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Cambridge. At the same time, her father’s poor health and death in 1936 put a greater financial and emotional burden on her mother (often called “Mam,” an abbreviated form of the Portuguese mamae) who subsequently worked as a domestic for wealthy Boston families. But Mary Francis continued to provide some financial support for her daughter during her years at Wellesley. As in high school, Lillian Francis excelled academically. She also joined Alpha Kappa Chi, an academically oriented society with a focus on the Classics. Graduating in 1937, Francis applied and was admitted to Boston University (BU) Medical School. Although primarily concentrating on pediatrics while at BU, Francis accepted a residency upon graduation at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her medical training at Mercy included research into the pathogenesis of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, commonly known as “black lung” disease. Seeking to return to New England, she was admitted to Boston’s Children’s Hospital in 1941, the first female medical doctor to serve there. Her title, “house officer,” reflected her role as a recipient of additional medical training under the general supervision of an attending physician. She later observed that while some of the hospital’s male physicians and house officers placed her on an equal footing with them, a number of male doctors and trainees were less accepting, treating her with indifference or occasionally with hostility. Her self-confidence and strong-willed personality—traits that her mother undoubtedly instilled in her—helped her cope and even flourish in this challenging climate. While at Children’s Hospital, Lillian Francis met and married John F. X. “Mac” McMackin, a graduate of Holy Cross College, businessman, and well-known leader in the Cardinal O’Connell Council of the Knights of Columbus. They had three sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, and lived in Milton, Massachusetts. While starting a family, Lillian McMackin entered private practice as a pediatrician, initially with a partner, Dr. Richard M. Smith, an attending physician at Children’s, where they met, before striking out on her own. In addition to her practice in Milton, she opened a second office, south of Boston, in Quincy. The sudden death of her husband in 1950, following a gastrointestinal surgical procedure, occurred just as she was becoming successful in her pediatric practice. Mary Francis helped care for her young sons especially during the long hours of attending to her patients. Her work required frequent house calls to various sections of Boston and its environs. She saw patients, from infants to adolescents, from all socio-economic and ethnic and racial backgrounds. Although not politically active like her late husband, Lillian McMackin believed in a woman’s right to choose to bear a child. She was also outspoken in her opposition to the Viet Nam War and counseled young draft-age men on various medical deferment options. Although Lillian McMackin remarried a few years after John McMackin died, she never felt the strong bond that she experienced with her first husband. She and her second husband lived apart for many years before divorcing in the 1980s. She remained dedicated to her practice and retained privileges at Children’s Hospital until 1968. She was also a staff member at Milton, Quincy, and South Shore hospitals and taught pediatrics at BU and Harvard medical schools. After retiring in 1987 she spent more time on her long-standing interests in antiques and classic automobiles. Among her legacies were her years as the first female physician at Children’s Hospital and as a highly regarded pediatrician. As Dr. Judith Liebermann, a physician and researcher at Harvard University and MIT, observed, “She opened many doors for women in medicine.” Lillian Francis McMackin died at the age of 85 at the Norwell Knoll nursing home in Norwell, Massachusetts Scope and Contents: This collection covers multiple areas of Lillian's life. Photographs include images from her teen years, her time at Wellesley, her time at BU Medical School, and her later married life. Many items include images of Lillian's mother and her children. Also included in this collection are two written pieces about Lillian's life: one written by Robert McMackin and another compiled from Lillian's own words. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Lillian Francis McMackin, MD: In Her Own Words" Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Women physicians Children of immigrants Description An account of the resource Compiled by Robert McMackin, Lillian's son. Material was taken from interviews conducted by Robert and Christine McMackin (Lillian's granddaughter). Additional material was taken from an interview conducted with sons John, Thomas, and Robert in 2009 as part of a Boston Children's Hospital oral history project. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the McMackin Family Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-03-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin2_13 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Boston (Mass.) New Bedford (Mass.) https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/42465/archive/files/40df9c82eeb8e5665c7bf16cffb74ecd.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=L%7EAe0wkR8hdRQBFreSp3cBcZBkSanbyee-m2Q%7EgOyTch93dGMZrRyLJR0ehmsoJ%7E58sIb42MpmbmCYFQYVDdVnDZAktAuc%7EDQKd90BaNkNKwh%7En-s-5B4djdGC2iiaJWUCJxhKDzWk5JdjRoWtuFDFNVRKSaNvYhbqJFUSdC8Pulk7Pjl61tkqhGXB4Y7RBHKDffYT%7EnMlIqKfNqTWLoL19kHMyiD13Q1uoKUrwP0KZmVeulcJg1%7EMUcFQ-q-lUAsgcxZLR-iRV-6ytqvjvqHm7xKeACEBggW7UwhGhzz5rDjardRE4v6l%7EuKjCX9OnS-xPcc5rylOjDHavbfwjxyg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2e6e0ff33783b443a5d9c01940cbb0cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Collection [1931-2021] Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Azorean Americans Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital scans donated from the McMackin Family Collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Bedford (Mass.) Newton (Mass.) Boston (Mass.) Jaffrey (N.H.) Wellesley (Mass.) Description An account of the resource Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, MD, a pediatrician and the first female medical trainee and house officer at Boston’s Children’s Hospital, was born on February 22, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother, Mary Paiva Pinha Francis (1894-1980), from São Miguel Island in the Azores, immigrated to the United States with her parents in 1900 and settled in New Bedford. For a few years she worked in one of the city’s cotton mills and married in 1912. Also from an Azorean family, but born in New Bedford, her husband, Antone Francis (1880-1936), worked as a carder in a cotton mill, then as a salesman, before obtaining a job on the New Bedford police force around 1914. He had two children from a previous marriage, and Lillian would be the only child of Mary and Antone Francis. Growing up in New Bedford, Lillian Francis lived in the Ward 6 section of the city, in the vicinity of the former Howland Mill Village District, a working-class area that was heavily settled by Portuguese, notably Azoreans. By the time she attended New Bedford High School her family lived on Brock Avenue. Although still in Ward 6, this neighborhood was ethnically diverse and had a mix of working-class and middle-class families. She was especially close to her mother who impressed upon her the importance of a good education and, when she was quite young, encouraged her to become a medical doctor. Interested in a medical career, as a high school student, Lillian Francis volunteered in a hospital (as a “candy striper” as such volunteers were then called) and assisted a doctor in various nursing tasks. This reinforced her desire to enter the medical profession. She excelled academically in high school, graduating in 1931 as valedictorian, and was also a talented tennis player. Among her close friends was a neighbor, Evelyn I. Coderre (1911-1997), of French-Canadian parents, whose mother, widowed at a young age, worked as a weaver in a cotton mill to support her three children. Also interested in the medical profession, Coderre became a nurse and later served with distinction in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of commander. Both young women enjoyed sailing and likely encouraged each other in their career pursuits. Following high school graduation, Francis entered Wellesley College on a scholarship. She adjusted well to a markedly different culture in which many of her classmates hailed from affluent Protestant, New England families. During the summers she worked in wage earning jobs, including a stint as a waitress at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Cambridge. At the same time, her father’s poor health and death in 1936 put a greater financial and emotional burden on her mother (often called “Mam,” an abbreviated form of the Portuguese mamae) who subsequently worked as a domestic for wealthy Boston families. But Mary Francis continued to provide some financial support for her daughter during her years at Wellesley. As in high school, Lillian Francis excelled academically. She also joined Alpha Kappa Chi, an academically oriented society with a focus on the Classics. Graduating in 1937, Francis applied and was admitted to Boston University (BU) Medical School. Although primarily concentrating on pediatrics while at BU, Francis accepted a residency upon graduation at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her medical training at Mercy included research into the pathogenesis of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, commonly known as “black lung” disease. Seeking to return to New England, she was admitted to Boston’s Children’s Hospital in 1941, the first female medical doctor to serve there. Her title, “house officer,” reflected her role as a recipient of additional medical training under the general supervision of an attending physician. She later observed that while some of the hospital’s male physicians and house officers placed her on an equal footing with them, a number of male doctors and trainees were less accepting, treating her with indifference or occasionally with hostility. Her self-confidence and strong-willed personality—traits that her mother undoubtedly instilled in her—helped her cope and even flourish in this challenging climate. While at Children’s Hospital, Lillian Francis met and married John F. X. “Mac” McMackin, a graduate of Holy Cross College, businessman, and well-known leader in the Cardinal O’Connell Council of the Knights of Columbus. They had three sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, and lived in Milton, Massachusetts. While starting a family, Lillian McMackin entered private practice as a pediatrician, initially with a partner, Dr. Richard M. Smith, an attending physician at Children’s, where they met, before striking out on her own. In addition to her practice in Milton, she opened a second office, south of Boston, in Quincy. The sudden death of her husband in 1950, following a gastrointestinal surgical procedure, occurred just as she was becoming successful in her pediatric practice. Mary Francis helped care for her young sons especially during the long hours of attending to her patients. Her work required frequent house calls to various sections of Boston and its environs. She saw patients, from infants to adolescents, from all socio-economic and ethnic and racial backgrounds. Although not politically active like her late husband, Lillian McMackin believed in a woman’s right to choose to bear a child. She was also outspoken in her opposition to the Viet Nam War and counseled young draft-age men on various medical deferment options. Although Lillian McMackin remarried a few years after John McMackin died, she never felt the strong bond that she experienced with her first husband. She and her second husband lived apart for many years before divorcing in the 1980s. She remained dedicated to her practice and retained privileges at Children’s Hospital until 1968. She was also a staff member at Milton, Quincy, and South Shore hospitals and taught pediatrics at BU and Harvard medical schools. After retiring in 1987 she spent more time on her long-standing interests in antiques and classic automobiles. Among her legacies were her years as the first female physician at Children’s Hospital and as a highly regarded pediatrician. As Dr. Judith Liebermann, a physician and researcher at Harvard University and MIT, observed, “She opened many doors for women in medicine.” Lillian Francis McMackin died at the age of 85 at the Norwell Knoll nursing home in Norwell, Massachusetts Scope and Contents: This collection covers multiple areas of Lillian's life. Photographs include images from her teen years, her time at Wellesley, her time at BU Medical School, and her later married life. Many items include images of Lillian's mother and her children. Also included in this collection are two written pieces about Lillian's life: one written by Robert McMackin and another compiled from Lillian's own words. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Reflections on My Mother" by Robert McMackin Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Women physicians Description An account of the resource A recollection written by the son of Francis Lillian McMackin. Includes photographs and details of his childhood. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the McMackin Family Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin2_12 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Boston (Mass.) https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/42465/archive/files/543e387a8db39fa366ea3457d56839c1.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=ZM1w%7ENKlGXk6lWirNItjEJt1EnFyl5P3IvFD0WpaXlzBinSV4CXbHlHQpIt7qbdnZYLCEhpEc1QzZ4UADNhEm6hD4F9ACPS45aLWPK9ntubwRqtMjcWH3wD3ZNYDB8G2mfscqgX1aSwO3mCulPMK2iD1YceUx5CUE6oqYn6wGArhKV1aq2BiMrWEARUuWcD43KysIoVX0alVQvyUZZqXHqMIDSbunTjUxR4TKa0y1E5FgratwRIX7yey9o7OA8hcAag7pROSY%7ETf3DtU5XsuKqGaHr2t6N5EBhRj9WEbZiihmzFGbvV3X16WKXL0bPNp6UvdN3DK0tZC3Z0OwoUY%7Eg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 44cdb5f2d483fb0fcbc7593c8e167634 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Collection [1931-2021] Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Azorean Americans Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital scans donated from the McMackin Family Collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Bedford (Mass.) Newton (Mass.) Boston (Mass.) Jaffrey (N.H.) Wellesley (Mass.) Description An account of the resource Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, MD, a pediatrician and the first female medical trainee and house officer at Boston’s Children’s Hospital, was born on February 22, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother, Mary Paiva Pinha Francis (1894-1980), from São Miguel Island in the Azores, immigrated to the United States with her parents in 1900 and settled in New Bedford. For a few years she worked in one of the city’s cotton mills and married in 1912. Also from an Azorean family, but born in New Bedford, her husband, Antone Francis (1880-1936), worked as a carder in a cotton mill, then as a salesman, before obtaining a job on the New Bedford police force around 1914. He had two children from a previous marriage, and Lillian would be the only child of Mary and Antone Francis. Growing up in New Bedford, Lillian Francis lived in the Ward 6 section of the city, in the vicinity of the former Howland Mill Village District, a working-class area that was heavily settled by Portuguese, notably Azoreans. By the time she attended New Bedford High School her family lived on Brock Avenue. Although still in Ward 6, this neighborhood was ethnically diverse and had a mix of working-class and middle-class families. She was especially close to her mother who impressed upon her the importance of a good education and, when she was quite young, encouraged her to become a medical doctor. Interested in a medical career, as a high school student, Lillian Francis volunteered in a hospital (as a “candy striper” as such volunteers were then called) and assisted a doctor in various nursing tasks. This reinforced her desire to enter the medical profession. She excelled academically in high school, graduating in 1931 as valedictorian, and was also a talented tennis player. Among her close friends was a neighbor, Evelyn I. Coderre (1911-1997), of French-Canadian parents, whose mother, widowed at a young age, worked as a weaver in a cotton mill to support her three children. Also interested in the medical profession, Coderre became a nurse and later served with distinction in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of commander. Both young women enjoyed sailing and likely encouraged each other in their career pursuits. Following high school graduation, Francis entered Wellesley College on a scholarship. She adjusted well to a markedly different culture in which many of her classmates hailed from affluent Protestant, New England families. During the summers she worked in wage earning jobs, including a stint as a waitress at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Cambridge. At the same time, her father’s poor health and death in 1936 put a greater financial and emotional burden on her mother (often called “Mam,” an abbreviated form of the Portuguese mamae) who subsequently worked as a domestic for wealthy Boston families. But Mary Francis continued to provide some financial support for her daughter during her years at Wellesley. As in high school, Lillian Francis excelled academically. She also joined Alpha Kappa Chi, an academically oriented society with a focus on the Classics. Graduating in 1937, Francis applied and was admitted to Boston University (BU) Medical School. Although primarily concentrating on pediatrics while at BU, Francis accepted a residency upon graduation at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her medical training at Mercy included research into the pathogenesis of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, commonly known as “black lung” disease. Seeking to return to New England, she was admitted to Boston’s Children’s Hospital in 1941, the first female medical doctor to serve there. Her title, “house officer,” reflected her role as a recipient of additional medical training under the general supervision of an attending physician. She later observed that while some of the hospital’s male physicians and house officers placed her on an equal footing with them, a number of male doctors and trainees were less accepting, treating her with indifference or occasionally with hostility. Her self-confidence and strong-willed personality—traits that her mother undoubtedly instilled in her—helped her cope and even flourish in this challenging climate. While at Children’s Hospital, Lillian Francis met and married John F. X. “Mac” McMackin, a graduate of Holy Cross College, businessman, and well-known leader in the Cardinal O’Connell Council of the Knights of Columbus. They had three sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, and lived in Milton, Massachusetts. While starting a family, Lillian McMackin entered private practice as a pediatrician, initially with a partner, Dr. Richard M. Smith, an attending physician at Children’s, where they met, before striking out on her own. In addition to her practice in Milton, she opened a second office, south of Boston, in Quincy. The sudden death of her husband in 1950, following a gastrointestinal surgical procedure, occurred just as she was becoming successful in her pediatric practice. Mary Francis helped care for her young sons especially during the long hours of attending to her patients. Her work required frequent house calls to various sections of Boston and its environs. She saw patients, from infants to adolescents, from all socio-economic and ethnic and racial backgrounds. Although not politically active like her late husband, Lillian McMackin believed in a woman’s right to choose to bear a child. She was also outspoken in her opposition to the Viet Nam War and counseled young draft-age men on various medical deferment options. Although Lillian McMackin remarried a few years after John McMackin died, she never felt the strong bond that she experienced with her first husband. She and her second husband lived apart for many years before divorcing in the 1980s. She remained dedicated to her practice and retained privileges at Children’s Hospital until 1968. She was also a staff member at Milton, Quincy, and South Shore hospitals and taught pediatrics at BU and Harvard medical schools. After retiring in 1987 she spent more time on her long-standing interests in antiques and classic automobiles. Among her legacies were her years as the first female physician at Children’s Hospital and as a highly regarded pediatrician. As Dr. Judith Liebermann, a physician and researcher at Harvard University and MIT, observed, “She opened many doors for women in medicine.” Lillian Francis McMackin died at the age of 85 at the Norwell Knoll nursing home in Norwell, Massachusetts Scope and Contents: This collection covers multiple areas of Lillian's life. Photographs include images from her teen years, her time at Wellesley, her time at BU Medical School, and her later married life. Many items include images of Lillian's mother and her children. Also included in this collection are two written pieces about Lillian's life: one written by Robert McMackin and another compiled from Lillian's own words. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin with fellow residents at Children's Hospital in Boston Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Women physicians Description An account of the resource Lillian is pictured in the front row, fourth from the left. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the McMackin Family Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin1_26 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Boston (Mass.) https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/42465/archive/files/8b3db91fc82a4471764377c15fc06900.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=tmPYYPXlNshcME1HIfdbAmH5SBE5Nhc-b-%7ETExoPbz7lbkgJnDlDbFYOYUKY0DNNlknYH2T5RIMF4kq3UuVzTih2t2%7E1QzZejBVFcjbBaRMp-6o%7EMCzeYrTmOjYasFC9lebsmhbvWVUVoNCIBFZLPflNgJbNOnY6zaqJXXyKpTXkq2nsLx8KA9kWzz29e25DNC1pAn4oE80YSyPc%7EUYtRVtZCQH0LCP04HH73ksM0H771hLf9h9gKlyotPnQEO0ULduKDkYHs%7EmKDzoqbUVDAYwirftLubPfgghNcd3C6uqFDV9Kxk%7EwF%7E2T5fpz5SVqpuTO9eDcDOSTU9zIkiSw1Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM dca5920c615f61243291facd593a9a20 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin Collection [1931-2021] Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Azorean Americans Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital scans donated from the McMackin Family Collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Bedford (Mass.) Newton (Mass.) Boston (Mass.) Jaffrey (N.H.) Wellesley (Mass.) Description An account of the resource Dr. Lillian Francis McMackin, MD, a pediatrician and the first female medical trainee and house officer at Boston’s Children’s Hospital, was born on February 22, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother, Mary Paiva Pinha Francis (1894-1980), from São Miguel Island in the Azores, immigrated to the United States with her parents in 1900 and settled in New Bedford. For a few years she worked in one of the city’s cotton mills and married in 1912. Also from an Azorean family, but born in New Bedford, her husband, Antone Francis (1880-1936), worked as a carder in a cotton mill, then as a salesman, before obtaining a job on the New Bedford police force around 1914. He had two children from a previous marriage, and Lillian would be the only child of Mary and Antone Francis. Growing up in New Bedford, Lillian Francis lived in the Ward 6 section of the city, in the vicinity of the former Howland Mill Village District, a working-class area that was heavily settled by Portuguese, notably Azoreans. By the time she attended New Bedford High School her family lived on Brock Avenue. Although still in Ward 6, this neighborhood was ethnically diverse and had a mix of working-class and middle-class families. She was especially close to her mother who impressed upon her the importance of a good education and, when she was quite young, encouraged her to become a medical doctor. Interested in a medical career, as a high school student, Lillian Francis volunteered in a hospital (as a “candy striper” as such volunteers were then called) and assisted a doctor in various nursing tasks. This reinforced her desire to enter the medical profession. She excelled academically in high school, graduating in 1931 as valedictorian, and was also a talented tennis player. Among her close friends was a neighbor, Evelyn I. Coderre (1911-1997), of French-Canadian parents, whose mother, widowed at a young age, worked as a weaver in a cotton mill to support her three children. Also interested in the medical profession, Coderre became a nurse and later served with distinction in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of commander. Both young women enjoyed sailing and likely encouraged each other in their career pursuits. Following high school graduation, Francis entered Wellesley College on a scholarship. She adjusted well to a markedly different culture in which many of her classmates hailed from affluent Protestant, New England families. During the summers she worked in wage earning jobs, including a stint as a waitress at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Cambridge. At the same time, her father’s poor health and death in 1936 put a greater financial and emotional burden on her mother (often called “Mam,” an abbreviated form of the Portuguese mamae) who subsequently worked as a domestic for wealthy Boston families. But Mary Francis continued to provide some financial support for her daughter during her years at Wellesley. As in high school, Lillian Francis excelled academically. She also joined Alpha Kappa Chi, an academically oriented society with a focus on the Classics. Graduating in 1937, Francis applied and was admitted to Boston University (BU) Medical School. Although primarily concentrating on pediatrics while at BU, Francis accepted a residency upon graduation at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her medical training at Mercy included research into the pathogenesis of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, commonly known as “black lung” disease. Seeking to return to New England, she was admitted to Boston’s Children’s Hospital in 1941, the first female medical doctor to serve there. Her title, “house officer,” reflected her role as a recipient of additional medical training under the general supervision of an attending physician. She later observed that while some of the hospital’s male physicians and house officers placed her on an equal footing with them, a number of male doctors and trainees were less accepting, treating her with indifference or occasionally with hostility. Her self-confidence and strong-willed personality—traits that her mother undoubtedly instilled in her—helped her cope and even flourish in this challenging climate. While at Children’s Hospital, Lillian Francis met and married John F. X. “Mac” McMackin, a graduate of Holy Cross College, businessman, and well-known leader in the Cardinal O’Connell Council of the Knights of Columbus. They had three sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, and lived in Milton, Massachusetts. While starting a family, Lillian McMackin entered private practice as a pediatrician, initially with a partner, Dr. Richard M. Smith, an attending physician at Children’s, where they met, before striking out on her own. In addition to her practice in Milton, she opened a second office, south of Boston, in Quincy. The sudden death of her husband in 1950, following a gastrointestinal surgical procedure, occurred just as she was becoming successful in her pediatric practice. Mary Francis helped care for her young sons especially during the long hours of attending to her patients. Her work required frequent house calls to various sections of Boston and its environs. She saw patients, from infants to adolescents, from all socio-economic and ethnic and racial backgrounds. Although not politically active like her late husband, Lillian McMackin believed in a woman’s right to choose to bear a child. She was also outspoken in her opposition to the Viet Nam War and counseled young draft-age men on various medical deferment options. Although Lillian McMackin remarried a few years after John McMackin died, she never felt the strong bond that she experienced with her first husband. She and her second husband lived apart for many years before divorcing in the 1980s. She remained dedicated to her practice and retained privileges at Children’s Hospital until 1968. She was also a staff member at Milton, Quincy, and South Shore hospitals and taught pediatrics at BU and Harvard medical schools. After retiring in 1987 she spent more time on her long-standing interests in antiques and classic automobiles. Among her legacies were her years as the first female physician at Children’s Hospital and as a highly regarded pediatrician. As Dr. Judith Liebermann, a physician and researcher at Harvard University and MIT, observed, “She opened many doors for women in medicine.” Lillian Francis McMackin died at the age of 85 at the Norwell Knoll nursing home in Norwell, Massachusetts Scope and Contents: This collection covers multiple areas of Lillian's life. Photographs include images from her teen years, her time at Wellesley, her time at BU Medical School, and her later married life. Many items include images of Lillian's mother and her children. Also included in this collection are two written pieces about Lillian's life: one written by Robert McMackin and another compiled from Lillian's own words. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lillian Francis McMackin during residency at Children's Hospital in Boston Subject The topic of the resource Portuguese American women Women physicians Description An account of the resource Lillian is pictured second from the left Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the McMackin Family Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UMass Lowell, Center for Lowell History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context McMackin1_25 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Boston (Mass.)